【英文标准名称】:Specificationfortungstenelectrodesforinertgasshieldedarcweldingandforplasmacuttingandwelding
【原文标准名称】:惰性气体保护电弧焊和等离子切割与焊接用钨电极规范
【标准号】:BSEN26848-1991
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1991-06-28
【实施或试行日期】:1991-06-28
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(BSI)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:长度;缺陷与故障;电弧焊接设备;掺杂剂;钨;包装;直径;作标记;金属弧焊;电极;名称与符号;热切割设备;电弧切割;直流电流;焊接设备;直线度测量;化学成分;交流电流;电焊条;色码;气体保护焊
【英文主题词】:
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:J64
【国际标准分类号】:25_160_20
【页数】:12P;A4
【正文语种】:英语
【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforDesigningBiologicalTestswithSediments
【原文标准名称】:设计沉淀物生物试验的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTME1525-2002(2008)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2002
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E47.03
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:bioaccumulation;contamination;experimentaldesign;freshwater;saltwater;sediment;toxicity;Bioaccumulation;Biologicaldataanalysis--sediments;Contamination--environmental;Contamination--water;Controlledtestingconditions/environments;Cont
【摘要】:Contaminatedsedimentsmayaffectnaturalpopulationsofaquaticorganismsadversely.Sediment-dwellingorganismsmaybeexposeddirectlytocontaminantsbytheingestionofsedimentsandbytheuptakeofsediment-associatedcontaminantsfrominterstitialandoverlyingwater.Contaminatedsedimentsmayaffectwatercolumnspeciesdirectlybyservingasasourceofcontaminantstooverlyingwatersorasinkforcontaminantsfromoverlyingwaters.Organismsmayalsobeaffectedwhencontaminatedsedimentsaresuspendedinthewatercolumnbynaturalorhumanactivities.Watercolumnspeciesandnonaquaticspeciesmayalsobeaffectedindirectlybycontaminatedsedimentsbythetransferofcontaminantsthroughecosystems(7,8).Theproceduresdescribedinthisguidemaybeusedandadaptedforincorporationinbasicandappliedresearchtodeterminetheecologicaleffectsofcontaminatedsediments.Thesesamemethodsmayalsobeusedinthedevelopmentandimplementationofmonitoringandregulatoryprogramsdesignedtopreventandmanagesedimentcontamination.Sedimenttestswithaquaticorganismscanbeusedtoquantifytheacuteandchronictoxicityandthebioavailabilityofnewandpresentlyusedmaterials.Sedimenttoxicitymayalsoresultfromenvironmentalprocessessuchasammoniageneration,pHshifts,ordissolvedoxygenfluctuation.Inmanycases,considerationoftheadverseeffectsofsediment-associatedcontaminantsisonlyonepartofacompletehazardassessmentofmanufacturedcompoundsthatareapplieddirectlytotheenvironment(forexample,pesticides)andthosereleased(forexample,throughwastewatereffluents)asby-productsfromthemanufacturingprocessorfrommunicipalities(7).Sedimenttestscanbeusedtodevelopexposure-responserelationshipsforindividualtoxicantsbyspikingcleansedimentswithvaryingconcentrationsofatestchemicalanddeterminingtheconcentrationthatelicitsthetargetresponseinthetestorganism(GuideE1391).Sedimenttestscanalsobedesignedtodeterminetheeffectsthatthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofsedimentshaveonthebioavailabilityandtoxicityofcompounds.Sedimenttestscanprovidevaluableinformationformakingdecisionsregardingthemanagementofcontaminatedsedimentsfromhazardouswastesitesandothercontaminatedareas.Biologicaltestswithsedimentscanalsobeusedtomakedefensiblemanagementdecisionsonthedredginganddisposalofpotentiallycontaminatedsedimentsfromriversandharbors.((7,8),TestMethodE1706.)1.1Asthecontaminationoffreshwaterandsaltwaterecosystemscontinuestobereducedthroughtheimplementationofregulationsgoverningbothpointandnon-pointsourcedischarges,thereisagrowingemphasisandconcernregardinghistoricalinputsandtheirinfluenceonwaterandsedimentquality.Manylocationsinurbanareasexhibitsignificantsedimentcontamination,whichposesacontinualandlong-termthreattothefunctionalconditionofbenthiccommunitiesandotherspeciesinhabitingtheseareas(1).Benthiccommunitiesareanimportantcomponentofmanyecosystemsandalterationsofthesecommunitiesmayaffectwater-columnandnonaquaticspecies.1.2Biologicaltestswithsedimentsareanefficientmeansforevaluatingsedimentcontaminationbecausetheyprovideinformationcomplementarytochemicalcharacterizationsandecologicalsurveys(2).Acutesedimenttoxicitytestscanbeusedasscreeningtoolsintheearlyphaseofanassessmenthierarchythatultimatelycouldincludechemicalmeasurementsorbioaccumulationandchronictoxicitytests.Sedimenttestshavebeenappliedinbothsaltwaterandfreshwaterenvironments
基本信息
标准名称: | 园柱直齿渐开线花键 量棒 |
英文名称: | Straight cylindrical involute splines-Measuring pin |
中标分类: |
机械 >>
通用零部件 >>
链传动、皮带传动与键联结 |
ICS分类: |
机械系统和通用件 >>
轴和联轴器 >>
键和键槽、花键
|
替代情况: | 被GB/T 3478.9-2008代替 |
发布部门: | 国家标准化管理委员会 |
发布日期: | 1995-07-01 |
实施日期: | 1996-05-01 |
首发日期: | 1995-07-12 |
作废日期: | 2009-05-01 |
主管部门: | 国家标准化管理委员会 |
归口单位: | 全国机器轴与附件标准化技术委员会 |
起草单位: | 机械工业部机械标准化研究所 |
出版日期: | 1900-01-01 |
页数: | 4页 |
适用范围
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前言
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目录
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引用标准
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所属分类: 机械 通用零部件 链传动 皮带传动与键联结 机械系统和通用件 轴和联轴器 键和键槽 花键